辉瑞制药降价容易增量难
日前,在中国心血管健康联盟与辉瑞中国签署合作签约仪式现场,辉瑞中国区总裁吴晓滨接受E药经理人记者独家采访时表示,“对于辉瑞中国来讲,如果有降价空间,一定会降,但是不希望在医药产业打价格战,最重要的是要体现价值。”
吴晓滨还指出:“这件事方向是对的,但目前还不成熟,比如降价幅度的依据并不清晰,谈判过程也不透明,谈判降价之后能否进入医保,医院是否不再招标仍有待观望。”
中国一直是跨国药企在全球最重要的新兴市场。尽管还有诸多跨国药企还未参与国家药价谈判,但对于药品价格的变化,他们尤其敏感。
根据国家已经公布的谈判结果,其中GSK的乙肝治疗药替诺福韦酯的月均药品费用由约1500元降至约490元;阿斯利康的吉非替尼月均药品费用由约15000元降至约7000元。以上两种药物的降价幅度分别为67%和55%。
业内人士分析,首批降价的品种或在华专利已经到期或即将到期,如吉非替尼化合物专利已在2014年到期,替诺福韦酯在华专利明年到期。因此,考虑应对低价仿制药产品的竞争并提前抢占市场,药企期望降价后能进入国家医保目录,以价换量,通过市场放量来弥补降价带来的损失。
首批国家药价谈判结束后,相关部门已经发文要求把降价药纳入各省医保,但是,目前并无明文规定降价药在各省的采购批量。在这种情况下,保量仍然是个悬念。
“这件事情的关键是降价之后,量能不能上来。药品的价格是市场的问题,这样的机制是有问题的,监管部门可能管的过于细了,太形式主义。”吴晓滨表示。
最新的消息是,云南省已经率落实国家谈判药品价格,将这些药物纳入新农合和大病保险报销范围。但此前,也有行业人士提出,谈判的主体责权如何明确?谈判纳入医保目录后,药品临床使用如何监管?医保部门作为出资方是否要监管,如何监管?这些还不清楚。
过去的五年,是跨国药企专利药过期的密集期,国际上已经有近400种专利药物到期。辉瑞也正在经历专利药过期带来的阵痛,但是面临仿制药的低价冲击,降价并非辉瑞的市场策略。如2014年5月辉瑞的万艾可在中国的专利到期,但辉瑞并未调整该药物的价格。
此外,对于专利未到期的产品,跨国药企未必愿意选择降价这样的妥协方式,罗氏退出首批谈判就是一个典型代表。
的确,跨国药企的专利药,研发费用普遍比较很高,目前国家的谈判降价策略无疑给他们带来了压力。日前,在苏州举办的2016生物产业合作论坛期间,ChinaBio创始人兼董事长GregB.Scott告诉E药经理人:“跨国公司已经感受到这个压力,有很多公司将进入两难的境地,因为他们花了很多钱在医药研发上,希望有好的回报,但是现在比较困难,他们要想办法解决这个问题。”
吴晓滨认为,目前的药价谈判还只是针对个别比较贵的专科药物。如果持续推广下去,还要防止打价格战,价格降低往往品质就很难保证,这不是老百姓如今追求的东西。
而对于降价幅度,强生亚太创新中心总裁吴东早前告诉E药经理人:“并不是简单的一家降价50%,大家全部要降50%,可能还需要根据不同的思路来看。中国这么大的市场,如果不从价值来判断的话,整个产业的发展会碰到很大的阻力。这对企业是一个更加有难度的挑战。”
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